There are three bones that make up the knee joint – the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), and the patella (kneecap). Articular cartilage covers both the bones and functions to reduce friction for smooth joint movement.
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a joint disorder in which a fragment of cartilage and underlying bone is detached from the joint surface. OCD occurs when a small segment of bone and cartilage, usually at the end of a bone, loses its blood supply. Without adequate blood flow, the affected bone and cartilage can deteriorate and detach from the underlying bone.
The exact cause of osteochondritis dissecans is not always clear, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, mechanical, and vascular factors. OCD is more common in adolescents and young adults, especially those involved in sports that place repetitive stress on the affected joint.
A comprehensive physical exam will be conducted to assess the range of motion in your knee joint, look for signs of inflammation or swelling, and feel for areas of tenderness or crepitus (grating or grinding sensations). Your gait (the way you walk) will also be evaluated to identify any abnormalities.
Diagnostic imaging is necessary to definitively diagnose OCD of the knee. X-rays will allow Dr. Chahla to assess the degree of remaining joint space, the extent of cartilage damage, and subchondral involvement. Dr. Chahla will also recommend an MRI of the knee to further assess the size and extent of the OCD lesion, as well as subchondral involvement and any possible concomitant injuries to the meniscus or surrounding structures.
